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• Search affiliates that utilize pay per click search engines to promote the advertisers offers (search arbitrage)
• Comparison shopping sites and directories
• Loyalty sites, typically characterized by providing a reward system for purchases via points back, cash back or charitable donations
• Coupon and rebate sites that focus on sales promotions
• Content and niche sites, including product review sites
• Personal websites (these type of sites were the reason for the birth of affiliate marketing, but are today almost reduced to complete irrelevance compared to the other types of affiliate sites)
• Blogs and RSS feeds
• Email list affiliates (owners of large opt-in email list(s))
• Registration path affiliates that include offers from other companies during a registration process on their own website.
• Shopping directories that list merchants by categories without providing coupons, price comparison and other features based on information that frequently change and require ongoing updates.
• CPA networks are top tier affiliates that expose offers from advertiser they are affiliated with to their own network of affiliates (not to confuse with 2nd tier)
• Landing pages of Direct Navigation website receiving type-in traffic.

Tracking Dogs - The Nose Job
By Rodrigo Trigosso


Tracking dogs follow a lost person's path from a starting point to where the person is. These dogs are able to seek lost people because they are trained to discriminate human scents. In other words, they don't seek for any human scent, but for one particular scent.

There are two main types of tracking tasks: wilderness search and urban search.

Urban tracking is usually more difficult for the dogs because the tracks have every kind of odors, including other people scent, pets scent and other scents. In addition, odors don't last long on artificial surfaces like pavement. And, as if it wasn't difficult enough, there could be lots of distractions while the dog is tracking: several people walking around, other pets nearby, etc.

On the other hand, wilderness search seems to be more amicable to dogs because tracks tend to have less people's scent and natural surfaces retains odors for longer time. In addition, natural surfaces could provide dogs with a potential second source of information: the contact or disturbance odor.

Since these dogs discriminate odors, they need two things to begin tracking:

- A starting point, also known as the Point Last Seen (PLS)

- An uncontaminated odor sample

The Point Last Seen (PLS) could be the last place where the lost person was actually seen or a place where that person was known to be. For instance, tracking can start in the place where the car of a person is, whether the person was seen there or not.

The uncontaminated odor sample is an article with the person's scent. Pillow covers and pajamas are great odor samples, but clothes and other articles could be useful. The most important thing is to keep the sample uncontaminated, so it must be handled with pincers and carried in Ziploc or brown paper bags (common waste bags are treated with chemicals to alter odors, so they are not useful for this task).

Usually, tracking dogs work on-leash (a 30-feet leash attached to a harness). However, on-leash work is not mandatory and some tracking dogs work off-leash.

Bloodhound is the preferred breed for tracking, though any dog can be trained to do this activity.

-- Tracking vs. trailing

Tracking and trailing dogs are not the same thing. The formers search with their nose to the ground while the latter combines that strategy with air scenting.

Nevertheless, both tracking and trailing dogs follow the path of a particular person (they discriminate scents). Thus, tracking and trailing dogs are used for the same purpose.

-- Scenting squashed insects

Contact odor is the odor (and perhaps some visual information) generated by environmental disturbance occurred while a person walks. For instance, scent of broken branches or squashed insects.

Although tracking dogs can't follow a path just by the contact odor, some experts suggest it could be a secondary source of information (maybe also visual information) under certain circumstances.


About the Author
Rodrigo Trigosso is a biologist and professional dog trainer. His website at http://www.dog-training-tutorial.com provides objective and reliable information on dog training and behavior.

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Caring For Your Senior Dog: Top 10 Tips To Help Your Arthritic Dog
By Debra Primovic


Dog arthritis is one of the most common diseases that affect canines, especially large breed dogs (60-90 lbs). Just as human arthritis, dog arthritis tends to get worse with age

Here are 10 tips that may help your arthritic dog:

1. Slip-free Flooring. Hardwood and tile floors are slippery and can be very difficult for dogs with arthritis to move around. Placing carpet or area rugs will help secure your dog's footing. This can help prevent your dog from slipping and getting injured.

2. A Soft Bed. Soft bedding can help support your dog's bones and joints and make your pet more comfortable. This can be especially important in thin dogs in which bony prominences are likely to rub on hard surfaces. Some beds are made especially for dogs with arthritis, such as waterbeds, hammock beds, and beds with plenty of extra cushion.

3. Ramps or Cubes. Stairs and furniture can become difficult obstacles for your aging companion. Ramps or specially designed cubes can help pets safely climb stairs, get into or out of bed or get in
and out of your vehicle. Ramps can be made of plastic or wood and are available from many pet catalogs. A new product called "Puppy Stairs" are soft modular cubes that fit together in combinations that permit pets to climb up or down from beds or sofas. These cubes are made of soft rubber, have rounded corners and washable covers.

4. Medication. Various medications are available that can help your dog feel better. Medications include drugs such as Deramaxx®, Rimadyl® or Etogesic®. These drugs are classified as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and work to suppress inflammation and pain. Other medications such as Cosequin® can also be beneficial by providing your dog's body with necessary nutrients for cartilage repair and function. See your veterinarian to discuss if any of these medications could benefit your dog.

5. Peace & Quiet. As your dog ages, he may not be as tolerant or patient as he used to be. Sore joints make it difficult for your pet to enjoy rambunctious playful children. Supervise playtime and consider keeping your dog away from very young children. Even parties and holiday time can be distressing for an arthritic dog. Your dog may want to join in the festivities regardless of the discomfort. To reduce joint pain and inflammation, you may want to limit your arthritic dog's time as the center of attention.

6. Massage. By massaging your dog, you can increase his or her flexibility, circulation, calmness and a general sense of wellness. Professional animal massage therapists are available to provide your pet a more thorough treatment.

7. Weight Control and Dietary Therapy. Arthritis is more of a problem in obese pets. Weight loss can be beneficial by reducing the workload on your dog's bones and joints. In addition to basic weight loss, there are diets formulated for dogs with arthritis that may be beneficial for your dog. Diets, such as Hills® Science Diet® j/d™ and Purina® JM Joint Mobility™ have been shown to help dogs with arthritis maintain weight, reduce pain and improve mobility.

8. Exercise. Modest daily exercise can help some dogs. Special care is needed, so it is important to first see your veterinarian, who can recommend an appropriate exercise program. Exercise can strengthen your dog's muscles and ligaments thus reducing your dog's injury potential and risk.

9. Extra Time. Don't rush a dog with arthritis. It often takes them extra time to walk, climb stairs or get in and out of the car. Support and help your arthritic dog if needed or just give your pet the extra time to get around.

10. Grooming. Grooming should not be neglected, especially in the older dog. Arthritic dogs have a difficult time keeping themselves clean, especially in those hard to reach areas. Help your dog stay clean by trimming the hair around the rear end. Brushing will help remove mats and tangles, which can injure delicate older skin. Follow these top 10 tips, and you'll be able to keep your arthritic dog living longer, stronger, happier and healthier.


About the Author
With her PetPlace.com columns, Dog safety and health expert, Dr. Debra Primovic has helped thousands of dog owners keep their dogs living longer and stronger. For more information, check out www.petplace.com for 8,000+ veterinarian approved articles guaranteed to keep you from compromising the care of your dog.

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Tips on Obedience Training For Your Pet Dog
By Benz Slow


A well-trained and an obedient dog is what you desire for your pet dog. You want your pet dog to behave everywhere you take him. You want him to know what is right and wrong to avoid causing trouble anywhere, whether in your house or in public. This is why you teach and train your pet dog. You train your pet dog to obey your commands and to discipline them. But how will you do it? Are you capable of training your pet dog?

You may think that obedience training for your pet dog is a very hard and time consuming thing to do. The truth is obedience training for your pet dogs can be very easy if you have the patience and dedication to do so.

Here are some useful tips for you to take into account on obedience training for your pet dog:

• First is observation. Observe carefully the different activities of your pet dog. When dogs are about to do something, they usually give out signs or warning signals. Excreting is a typical example for this. Pay attention and make a note of the time of the day and behavioral signs that your pet dog may exhibit when about to excrete.

• Let your pet dog go outside the house. Just see to it that your pet doesn't destroy your plants or whatever. Do this everyday at the same time. Allow your pet dog to choose the place where he can excrete.

• Accompany your pet dog until he's done excreting.

• A lot of patience is required for puppy owners. This is because your puppy will cry and is uncomfortable at night on the first few nights. You have to be patient in taking your puppy out every time he wants to do his thing if you want to train him successfully.

• Never use ammonia-based cleaners if you own a dog. Ammonia-based cleaners smell more like urine. Your pet dog will likely pee in every corner of the house is you use this in cleaning your house.

• It is a great experience for your pet dog if you let him roll over by giving his tummy a rub. If they showed submissiveness towards you then it is an indication that your pet dog is deferment in your leadership.

• Always give praise to your pet dog whenever he displays good behavior by giving rewards such as treats or foods. You will become more successful in training your pet dog if you focus on his good behavior rather than punishing him for bad behaviors.

• Avoid the inappropriate way of reprimanding your pet dog. Don't be a rude owner. Don't punish your pet dog by slapping, kicking or sticking his nose on the mess every time he makes a mess. Do the right way of reprimanding your dog.

• Always take the lead. Dogs are living in packs, they need hierarchies to follow. Set the rules for your pet dog then observe for positive behavioral changes. Remember that you and your pet dog are working as a team.

Communicating with your pet dog by teaching him what to do and what not to do is the most important ability required in dog obedience guidance. It is the so-called effective communication between you and your pet dog. By applying this, your pet dog will be able to obey some of your commands. Just make sure that your obedience training lessons for your pet dog are not boring.

In enforcing obedience training for your pet dog, understanding and fulfilling his basic needs including constructive social interaction, shelter, security, food, water, safety and proper exercise are helpful.

Obedience training for your pet dog would definitely take some time and a lot of your patience, determination and reliability. After all your hard work, you'll be rewarded with a well-trained and obedient dog. It's a priceless accomplishment. Nevertheless, a dog is like a family member wherein in you should also give the same care and love.


About the Author
Benz Slow is a dog trainer and a writer of http://www.the-dog-training-method.com.

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Obedience Training For Your Pet DogBy
Benz Slow


Dog is considered as man's best friend although it is an animal. Its thinking capacity is not like as that of the human being and that's why behavioral problem of dog occurs. These behavioral problems can lead to poor relationship between you and your pet dog.

If your pet dog has no proper training, it will act just the same with any other animal. Untrained dogs will bark excessively, dig holes, fight with other animals, destroy your furniture, soil your house, steal food, jump up on people and may even bite you. The said dog activities are all normal to canines. What you need to do is to train your pet dog to redirect its natural canine to some acceptable outlets of the society and to prevent behavioral problems.

Obedience training is the best way to solve your pet dog's behavioral problem. It's like communicating with your dog and teaching him what is right and wrong. Through obedience training, a language between you and your dog will somehow be created. With this, the two of you can have effective communication. Effective communication would enable your pet dog to obey some of your commands and instructions such as come here, shake hands and sit down.

Training your pet dog to be obedient is also another means of showing that you are in command. To establish the so-called social hierarchy, you must train your pet dog to be a good subordinate. Dogs take pleasure in responding simple instructions like stand, sit, come, get in and go out.

Other than being able to build a good relationship with your pet dog, obedience training can bring pleasure as well. Beyond doubt you will feel that having your pet dog is truly amusing. You can even permit a greater amount of your pet dog freedom.

So when is the best time of obedience training for your pet dog?

You may start it now. Whether it is still a puppy or an adult dog, it doesn't really matter. Your pet dog's behavior constantly changes. You cannot predict your pet's dog behavior from time to time.

Certainly there are two well-liked and effective method that you may apply for your pet dog training. They are the reward training and the collar/leash training. Reward training is less intense compared to the collar/leash training. In the reward method, the dog will be rewarded or given a simple praise after it was encouraged for doing some of the commands or after it exhibits good behavior. It is important to give some means of reward for good behavior because the learning process will possibly be faster. Also remember that your pet dog can acknowledge the praising you are giving. Reward and praise are important to keep your pet dog's fine behavior.

When time comes there is a need for you to reprimand your pet dog, make sure it is immediate, short and sharp. Steer clear from nagging your pet dog and punish him only when caught doing something wrong. When reprimanding your pet dog, make sure to do it in a nice way. If it has done something wrong then show and teach him the way you want him to do and if he obeys, give him a reward or praise him. In addition, bear in mind to never slap, spank, kick or hit your pet dog. By doing so, you will never earn your pet dog's obedience.

For more information about dog training, visit http://www.the-dog-training-method.com.


About the Author
Benz Slow is a dog trainer and a writer of http://www.the-dog-training-method.com.

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Giving Anesthesia To An Old Dog Kills!
By: Daniel Millions

Up until the late fifties and early sixties, the successful outcome of many surgical procedures for older dogs was somewhat uncertain. This was due in small part to the surgical techniques and materials employed at the time, but primarily to the types of anesthetics that were available then.

Those anesthetics were often unpredictable, sometimes produced longer periods of anesthesia than were needed for the operation, and they had to be detoxified and eliminated largely by the liver and kidneys, organs which usually are already under stress in the older dog.

These problems sometimes prompted many conscientious veterinarians to advise clients that "your dog is too old to anesthetize or be operated on." What they were really saying was that the risk from surgery and anesthesia was at least as great, or greater, than the risk from whatever was wrong with the dog.

Today that situation has radically changed. Anesthetizing a seriously ill older dog is still in the high-risk category, but the chances of a successful outcome are tremendously improved. The new types of anesthetics give excellent control over the depth and time of anesthesia and allow for rapid recovery to a normal, conscious state.

Many of the newer and much safer injectable anesthetics can be used alone for general anesthesia or, in combination with some gas anesthetics, to provide "balanced anesthesia." And certainly, the ready availability of artificial respirators which can breathe for your dog has both increased the overall safety of anesthesia as well as permitted surgery within the chest cavity for some types of cardiac and lung disorders.

No dog should be considered "too old" for surgery or anesthesia if otherwise in reasonable health. The aging kidneys and liver still must detoxify much of the anesthetic, aging lungs can make inhalant anesthetics more difficult to control, and heart disease does increase the overall danger. There still is risk, but it is a calculated risk, usually weighted on the side of success.

In today's modern veterinary hospitals and clinics, surgery is done under conditions similar to those found in human hospitals. Everything is done to keep the surgical area sterile, which includes doctors scrubbing before surgery and wearing sterile cap, mask, and gown.

All instruments, surgical drapes, and any piece of equipment that will come in contact with the patient is sterilized. The surgery is performed in a separate operating room, which is used only for sterile surgery. While each operating room will vary in the variety of equipment available, it will have whatever is needed for the particular operation being done.

If your veterinarian's hospital is not equipped to perform a particular type of surgery, he will refer you to a colleague who does have the necessary equipment, or he may do the surgery himself but in his colleague's hospital.

Article Source: http://www.petsadvice.info
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Early Training For Dog Shows Explained
If you want to show your dog, certain things could have, or should have, been done while you were waiting for your puppy to grow up. Let's take just a little time right now and discuss how to do one of them.

Let's start with the lead-breaking of your puppy since it is so important to the sound attractive stylish gait of a show dog. Let's assume that when you bought him he had never been on a lead.

After trying many methods, here is the one I like best.

Start training the puppy just as soon as you get him. If you keep him in a run or pen, every time you take him on a lead you should keep in mind that this will be his training period. However, if the puppy lives in the house with you and, at least in the beginning, has to be taken out on a lead to relieve himself, there should be a difference in the manner in which you and the puppy behave while he is on the lead.

Don't try to lead-break him for shows when he has other and more important business on his mind. Allow the puppy to sniff the ground and use a longer lead, giving him ample time to take care of his duties. If he is allowed to roam where he wants to and when he wants to he will scarcely be aware of the fact that he is on a lead and the duties will be taken care of quickly. With that important business out of the way you can then settle down to the training.

Now tighten up on the lead. Shorten it by crumpling it in one hand. Put the collar as far forward under the dog's jaw as you can. He will resent it - perhaps fight it - some dogs jumping into the air and screaming as though they had been hurt. Wait until he quiets down and then start walking in the direction you want to go and talk to the dog.

Call him by name and keep your voice pleasant. Don't drag him but keep the lead taut so he can feel in which direction he is being coaxed to go. As soon as he takes a few steps with you, praise him loudly and keep encouraging him to go along. After he goes along, try releasing the lead a bit and if he keeps going - fine! If not, use short jerks to keep him going. After the puppy goes along a reasonable distance, stop and pat him, praise him to the skies.

Then start out again. Repeat this performance several times and until he goes along with you without your having to tug at him. Then praise him some more, reward him with a tidbit if you wish and stop the training on a pleasant note. You should not have to do this too often before your puppy will be lead-broken. While he is a puppy he is so easily led and he is so anxious to please that it pays dividends if you master this early.

Getting away from your dog for a moment, let's talk about you - your appearance at a show. Your clothes are very important. Remember the saying, "Clothes make the man" ? It's something to think about. There is nothing that is going to happen to your very good suit at a dog show that would not happen to it anywhere else.

Too many men and women save their old clothes to wear to the shows, and when they are in the ring they look as though they didn't care. Also, if you wear something that is not suitable, you, instead of your dog, will catch the passing eye.

There are many more things that could be said about training your dog for show. However, follow these pointers and you will be off to a good start. Good luck!

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